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An online auction to sell off furniture, speakers, and kitchen equipment runs through October Acqua al 2, the decade-old Italian favorite on Capitol Hill that counted former Nationals star Bryce Harper as a regular, is finished. A closing statement posted on its website includes plans to maintain a neighborhood presence with a takeout sauce shop to recreate Acqua al 2 pasta dinners at home.

Upstairs speakeasy Harold Black, an in-the-know politico hangout that discouraged flash photos and phone usage, is also permanently dark, Washington City Paper reports. Paradiso plans to maintain an Alexandria presence with monthly appearances at Port City Brewing starting Thursday, October The local chain, known for its craft beer selection as much as its pizza, maintains locations in Dupont Circle, Georgetown, Spring Valley, and Hyattsville.

Alexandria also lost tiny, 2-year-old restaurant incubator Pendleton Carryout, per Washingtonian. The to-go and delivery counter Pendleton Street highlighted rotating menus from food truck start-ups and established brands, serving everything from pizza to dumplings. New York-style sandwich and bagel brand Chewish Deli will soon replace the space, Alexandria Patch reports. Thanks for a great run! Keep doing what you can do to support local restaurants, including food halls -which have been particularly hard hit - unionmarketdc needs your help! So much love from us to you all! Go-to dive Capitol Lounge, a popular hangout for locals, Hill staffers, and Michigan State alumni, will close on Sunday, September 20, after a year run.

The affordable pub Pennsylvania Avenue SE , known for weekday specials like cent wings on Tuesdays, was founded by prolific nightlife entrepreneur Joe Englert. After nearly seven years in Dupont Circle, bourbon bar Rebellion will serve its last shot on Saturday, September Owners confirmed the news to Popville.

Popville first flagged the closing signage on the door, and WTOP reports the move is part of an overall restructuring plan, per a Thompson Hospitality rep. A pair of D. Matchbox Restaurant Group filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy reorganization summer, selling off the multi-state brand to Thompson Hospitality.

A representative for Albisu confirmed to Eater the side-by-side closures. Washingtonian first reported the news. Its online catering store will remain open through December in limited capacity.

Its original location was in Brightwood. Its last day of business is scheduled for Thursday, September 27, according to a closing statement on Facebook. Its Adams Morgan location remains open. The restaurant announced the news in a Facebook post. Customers are invited to drink the bar dry and support staff from noon to 9 p. Tuesday, July 21, through closing day 13th Street NW. After 23 years in Cleveland Park, Firehook Bakery will close permanently on Thursday, July 30, according to a message on the door that Popville shared.

The fast-casual taco joint lasted two years. Bistro Bohem , the Czech-style bar and cafe in Shaw that poured Pilsner Urquell alongside hearty beer hall dishes, has permanently closed after eight years of business in Shaw. The owner of the Grille at Flower Hill in Gaithersburg opted to shut the barbecue place down rather than follow Montgomery County orders that require workers to wear cloth masks.

Both restaurants were close to the Merriweather Post Pavilion amphitheater. Mason Dixie Biscuit Co. We are happy to report that our sister bar captaingregorys is opening on Wednesday. Unfortunately our prospects for The Post Pub, a year-old dive bar that enjoyed a symbiotic relationship with the old Washington Post headquarters at 15th and L Street NW for the majority of its run, has permanently closed downtown.

Its Old Town and Columbia Heights locations remain open.

Popville reports that wood-fired pizza place Ghibellina and adjacent jazz club Sotto have been cleared out on 14th Street. The situation whereby African nations export crops to the West while millions on the continent starve has been blamed on the economic policies of the developed countries.

These advanced nations protect their own agricultural sectors with high import tariffs and offer government subsidies to their farmers. The impact of agricultural subsidies in developed countries upon developing-country farmers and international development is well documented. Agricultural subsidies can help drive prices down to benefit consumers, but also mean that unsubsidised developing-country farmers have a more difficult time competing in the world market; [78] and the effects on poverty are particularly negative when subsidies are provided for crops that are also grown in developing countries since developing-country farmers must then compete directly with subsidised developed-country farmers, for example in cotton and sugar.

In recent years countries such as Brazil , which has experienced progress in agricultural production, have agreed to share technology with Africa to increase agricultural production in the continent to make it a more viable trade partner. Africa has significant resources for generating energy in several forms hydroelectric , reserves of petroleum and gas, coal production, uranium production , renewable energy such as solar, wind and geothermal.

The lack of development and infrastructure means that little of this potential is actually in use today.

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Petroleum and petroleum products are the main export of 14 African countries. Petroleum and petroleum products accounted for a Lack of infrastructure creates barriers for African businesses. Railway projects were important in mining districts from the late 19th century. Large railway and road projects characterize the late 19th century.

The Great War

Railroads were emphasized in the colonial era, and roads in 'post-colonial' times. Influential political include pre-colonial centralization, ethnic fractionalization, European settlement, natural resource dependence, and democracy. Many large infrastructure projects are underway across Africa. By far, most of these projects are in the production and transportation of electric power. Many other projects include paved highways, railways, airports, and other construction.

Telecommunications infrastructure is also a growth area in Africa. As of , it was estimated that ,, mobile phones of all types were in use in Africa, including 15,, " smart phones ". The mineral industry of Africa is one of the largest mineral industries in the world. Africa is the second biggest continent, with 30 million km 2 of land, which implies large quantities of resources. Africa is richly endowed with mineral reserves and ranks first or second in quantity of world reserves of bauxite , cobalt , industrial diamond , phosphate rock , platinum-group metals PGM , vermiculite , and zirconium.

Gold mining is Africa's main mining resource. African mineral reserves rank first or second for bauxite, cobalt, diamonds, phosphate rocks, platinum-group metals PGM , vermiculite, and zirconium. Many other minerals are also present in quantity. Both the African Union and the United Nations have outlined plans in modern years on how Africa can help itself industrialize and develop significant manufacturing sectors to levels proportional to the African economy in the s with 21st-century technology. This hope, coupled with the rise of new leaders in Africa in the future, inspired the term "the African Century ", referring to the 21st century potentially being the century when Africa's vast untapped labor, capital, and resource potentials might become a world player.

This hope in manufacturing and industry is helped by the boom in communications technology [98] [99] and local mining industry [] in much of sub-Saharan Africa. Namibia has attracted industrial investments in recent years [] and South Africa has begun offering tax incentives to attract foreign direct investment projects in manufacturing. Countries such as Mauritius have plans for developing new "green technology" for manufacturing. The manufacturing sector is small but growing in East Africa. China and India [] have showed increasing interest in emerging African economies in the 21st century.

Reciprocal investment between Africa and China increased dramatically in recent years [] [] amidst the current world financial crisis.

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The increased investment in Africa by China has attracted the attention of the European Union and has provoked talks of competitive investment by the EU. Remittances from the African diaspora and rising interest in investment from the West will be especially helpful for Africa's least developed and most devastated economies, such as Burundi, Togo and Comoros. Angola has announced interests in investing in the EU, Portugal in particular.

Both use the CFA franc as their legal tender. The idea of a single currency union across Africa has been floated, and plans exist to have it established by , though many issues, such as bringing continental inflation rates below 5 percent, remain hurdles in its finalization. As of , Africa has 23 stock exchanges , twice as many as it had 20 years earlier. Between and , a total of 72 companies were launched on the stock exchanges of 13 African countries.

During the s, Ghanaian politician Kwame Nkrumah promoted economic and political union of African countries, with the goal of independence. Recent decades have brought efforts at various degrees of regional economic integration. There are currently eight regional organizations that assist with economic development in Africa: []. From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Overview of the economy of Africa. All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.